The Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem (NHCE) is the more productive ecosystem in terms of fish and sustains the world′s largest small pelagic fishery, the Peruvian anchoveta fishery. A cooling of this system has been observed during recent decades but the potential regional impacts of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations on upwelling dynamics and productivity are still unknown. In this work, we use the ecosystem model OSMOSE to forecast the impact on fish production of several scenarios of climate change in the NHCE. The OSMOSE model is forced by plankton production from ROMS-PISCES, IPSL CM5A-LR and GFDL-ESM2M models for the period 2006-2100. For each model, optimistic (RCP 2.6) and pessimistic (RCP 8.5) environmental scenarios are considered. Total fish production and landings for each model and scenario are compared under statu quo and zero fishing effort for all main fisheries. Our results show that the impact of fishing may be as strong as climate to explain future variability in fish production, reason why the design of management procedures must be an important part of the mitigation of the impacts of climate change in the NHCE.